First I want to comment that you shouldn't feel like you did something wrong when you decided to bring your sick baby into bed with you. You did what a mother is supposed to, you nurtured your baby when he needed you. A baby doesn't understand being sick, he just knows that he feels awful and doesn't know why.
Another think to keep in mind is that a baby who sleeps through the night in their own bed for the first few months may not do the same later. Once their little minds get more mature and they start thinking about stuff and moving their bodies in ways they couldn't before, or they start teething, they can have trouble sleeping...at no fault of your own.
I spent a lot of time during the first year of my first child feeling guilty about having him sleep in bed with us. Not because I felt it was wrong, but because so many other people were happy to tell me how much damage it would do to him for his future sleeping habits. I was so much more happy and rested when I decided not to listen to other people and just do what I felt was best. Now my son sleeps just perfect in his own bed and has for years. My second son slept with us, or in a crib in our room, until he was 18 months old. Now he sleeps in a crib in his brother's room (for the most part.)
If you want him to sleep in his crib because you don't want him in bed with you, then you are going to have to follow one of the methods that will most likely result in him crying. He's only twelve months old and that's the main way he has to tell you he doesn't like it. And who wouldn't prefer sleeping in a warm bed with mom and dad over sleeping in a bed with bars all by yourself? You don't necessarily have to let him "cry it out" though.
You may try putting the crib in your bedroom and then slowing moving him out into his own room. Other people I know have slept in the same room as the crib and slowly moved themselves out. I would suggest putting him in his crib before he falls asleep and spending time in there while he puts himself to sleep. By letting him fall asleep before putting him down, he knows when he wakes up that he isn't in the same place he was when he fell asleep and he will fuss about it.
Do whatever works for you. And keep in mind that it will end... have you ever seen a post from someone with a grade school kid who isn't sleeping through the night?
Good Luck.