Hello. I have a 10 month old with 8 teeth...so I understand! My son gets really whiney and clingy when he's teething- every kid is different. I have some tricks that have worked for me...I'll share them with you.
Teething rings only do so much...so I tried pickles...my son loved them...and with them being cold they seemed to help him. I have teething tablets as well- you just pop 2 in their bottles or directly in his mouth- they've helped. At Target, I picked up little popsicle-looking holders you can put fruit in...they are plastic with a little mesh bag. You put the fruit (or whatever) in them and the baby sucks on the mesh part- it eliminates the choking hazard but does wonders for hurting gums.
Additionally, trust your instincts. If you think it's just teething just try a few things to see what works for your little one. If you think it might be something else, mention it to your Dr. Patience is hard to keep when you get frustrated- I know. He's 5 months old...crying is the only way he can tell you something is wrong...so trust your instincts.
As for the disagreeing...it's tough. Being new parents is a challenge. Just remind each other that you're on the same team...work together to comfort your son. And don't forget...babies can read your emotions like an open book. If your husband and you are upset and angry...your baby will be, too. Give each other a break when you need one...even if it's a 30min hot bath or something. Stepping away for a few minutes can save you!
One thing I did when my son wasn't mobile yet when I would leave the room was I invested in a bouncy chair that hangs in the doorway & when I would leave the room I would make it a peek-a-boo game. He enjoyed it & it kept him content.
Remember not to go far from home without your Tylonel & Ambesol! :) I hope you find what works for you! Best of luck! Feel free to e-mail me if you need to talk! I just went thru the 5 month stage...so I understand. ____@____.com