Once your child has aged out of child care it's pretty much a given that they are old enough to be home alone or with little supervision. I know it seems crazy in a lot of ways but it's how child care works. Programs NOT child care aren't licensed or inspected or anything. They are no longer part of child care in any way.
In Oklahoma a lot of child care centers stop at age 10. They leave elementary school and move up to middle school/junior high at that point, so technically they're only a couple of years from high school. They can legally babysit at age 12 and be responsible for another person's life....so they "should" have experience taking care of themselves already, right?
I know my girl would have been completely able to manage herself at age 11 but not our boy. He probably won't be home alone all day until he's 20...lol. I think maybe 12 or 13 might be okay but certainly not at age 10.
Home alone time is something that has to be learned and earned.
In developmental disability jobs our goal is for the person to live in the least restrictive environment. To not have restraints on them where they don't need that support or help. For instance, if a person is capable of bathing themselves very well then they don't need a person to stay in the bathroom with them reminding them to wash their neck and nether regions. They were taught and have it down now.
I have taught a lot of adults who've never been home alone how to manage it. With good success. It is step by step, learn to be alone for a few minutes, then half an hour or so, then maybe an hour to two hours. Then try the whole day. Having a support system set up with family/friends, around the home area, is a good foundation too. It gives him someone to go to if he needs help or gets tired of being alone all day.
If you take it one step at a time and teach your child what being home alone is all about then by summer he should be able to do this at least okay.
We live in a semi country setting but have various family members nearby and 7 neighbors within sight and shouting distance. We've left the girl home alone a few times but notified a couple of neighbors that were going to be home during that time so they'd have their eyes on our place. To notice if anything was wrong, like a strange car or something like that. They weren't asked to go and check on her or anything like that, they were a support for her if she needed it.
But she didn't get that home alone time just because we thought up the idea she could be home alone. She was allowed to be home alone while we were outside doing gardening and stuff. When we'd go to a neighbor's house for a bit, run to the gas station to fill up, not for more than half an hour to an hour.
This was so she could get used to being alone in the house. Hearing the normal noises, feeling alone. We were nearby when this time started so if she felt afraid she could be with one of us in a few moments.
If I were going to go to work and be gone for the normal 11 hours per day I would make sure my family and my neighbors knew she was there. Again, not to check on her but to have an awareness to keep their eyes open for anything that was out of the normal situation. 8-5 is a 9 hour day, then travel to and from work can be time consuming if there is rush hour traffic. It can take half an hour to an hour to get to and from work. Hence the 11 hours home alone. Unless you and hubby work offset shifts where one leaves later and the other comes home earlier?
I don't know how your camp thing would work out. Sounds like a good thing but is it teaching your child how to be independent and able to be on his own eventually?
How many more years will you be needing someone to babysit him? How old will you allow him to stay home without you being there all day?
My final thought is what about his friends? What are the other kids his age doing when they're out of school? Do they stay home alone? Do they have a nanny? Do they do the camps? Would they each take him one day per week and let you pay them a little bit and he could go spend the day with his friend? That might be an option.