Hi K.!
I'm an early childhood development and education specialist and have been working with little ones, from newborn to elementary age for 25 years. Potty training or Potty learning as I prefer to call it, (we train dogs but teach children, right?)is SO different for every child. I can give you some good "rules" though that can help you decide the best approach for your child's personality and abilities.
One important thing to know, since 2 year olds are SO VERY particular about things in general, and since their developmental milestones are so many and so challenging, is that using the potty is one of the last "controls" they have over their lives at a time when becoming independent and in control is such a big deal to them. So much of potty learning is psychological rather than physical because of this. So it's REALLY important to let your child take the lead as far as when to start (he's already expressed interst so definitely time to have a potty chair sitting out and ready for him and books about potty learning to be read.....Once upon a potty is a good one. If he's into pretend yet, and likes to pretend with stuffed animals or dolls, having him teach the toy to potty is a great way to go to the next steps.....
Pull ups are not so great for potty learning as they feel just like diapers which makes it hard for child to remember that they're using the potty now....I use underwear that are special to the child (some of them have spider man or some design that your child may like or something....make a big deal of buying/choosing underwear and let him be involved in it. When you first begin, use underwear or nakedness at home to help him remember to use the potty and not go in his pants. Don't make a big deal about accidents, just matter-of-factly clean up, giving him part of the job of cleaning up, and remind him that we all have accidents when learning new things and it's no big deal. Make a couple of "rules" about using the potty once he's going pretty well when you're at home, like, "we always sit on the potty before we go bye bye and try to go even if we don't feel like it, just in case....and we always try to go before nap time. I'd leave him in pull-ups at naptime and overnight only until he wakes up dry a few times in a row, then use underwear consistently. During the day, when he's well supervised, check in with him once in awhile and ask him to stop what he's doing and listen to his body to see if he needs to use the potty.....if you do this in an animated and fun way, he'll actually like it and will sometimes realize that he DOES need to potty even if he said no at first.
Also, if there is a man around, you should decide if you want to teach him to potty standing up or sitting down and if standing, get the adult male more involved in modeling it for him.
Potty seats...there are different options and children vary on what they like. There are padded inserts that you can put in normal toilet seats to fit children and many like that best because they can sit on the big potty that way. Others prefer a separate potty chair, but the simple ones are all you need, no bells or whistles needed. Another abosolute MUST is a travel potty for when you start taking him out with no diaper. The best one I found has a handle and folds up to look like a little carrying box and has a plastic bag zip=lock size fitting so that you can use the potty anywhere, even in your vehicle and zip the bag and dispose of it. This is also great for when you're somewhere where the available bathrooms are too nasty for you to want to use.
Sometimes, even when little ones are into learning to potty, they need instant rewards for proper actions and stickers or stamps work great for that! NEVER use food or candy for this type of "reward" as it can very easily instill eating disorder tendencies in a little one....Often, pooping in the potty is a bigger issue than peeing and has to be given extra time or reward for....like maybe if he's afraid to poop in the potty, even with the sticker incentive, you might have to give him a little "prize" from a poop-prize bag to make him face his fears. It's not unusual for a little one to either ONLY pee or ONLY poop in the potty at first, and to take some time in being able to do both.
Don't set a time limit on the process and, once you start, don't stop unless he gives you clear signals that he's not ready....he'll waiver sometimes even he WANTS to learn as it is a hard lesson, but you shouldn't give up in spite of his accidents or his begging you to put a diaper on him unless you think that he's just clearly not ready afterall. Physically, you can tell if he's ready if he wakes up from naps dry often, or if he knows when he has to go or is going, and emotionally you know by his expression of interest in it.
It's SO important that you are careful in the way that you go about the potty learning process just because of the developmental issues facing 2 year olds.....mishandled potty learning can result in regression at 3 or 4 or 5 (regressing to peeing in pants instead of potty, self-esteem issues (too much shaming with accidents rather than matter-of-fact, patient,approach) that can, in turn, affect cognitive and social emotional growth.
That's my story and if there's anything I can offer, please be in touch. Good luck!
L. Harvey
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