M.P.
I suggest there is no way to explain toddler behaviour to a 7yo sibling. The 7 yo is reacting emotionally. Explaining is intellectual. I suggest that you focus on his feelings when he complains. "I think you feel picked on by sister" might be a response. "It's OK to be angry." Validate his feelings. Sympathize. Touch his shoulder. Let him see that you understand him instead of trying to get him to understand sister. Let him vent without trying to change the way he feels.
If you're concerned about how he treats sister, teach him acceptable ways to respond. Perhaps give him words to use. He could say, "I'm angry with you" and come to you for help or go to another room. You could listen to his complaint; give him options to resolve the issue after he's finished venting. One could be that, with your support, he could tell sister how he feels. When you grabbed my toy, I was angry. You could then give him back the toy. You could talk for sister to say how she feels or to interpret why this happened. Brother was playing with that. You can play with it later. Or this is brother's toy. He's the only one who can play with it. Words such as "that hurts brother when you hit him. Do not hit him." Clue brother in to what to do when such and such happens. Be understanding of both kids viewpoint while.talking with them.
Some parents expect the older one to understand the younger and not get upset. The older one resents that. He has as many rights as she does. Yes, protect her from getting hurt. Teach him how to play with her. Let him know his feelings are as important as hers.
Separate them. Be sure to give brother a way to play sometimes without little sister bugging him. I have 2yo and 4yo granddaughters. They often play separately. One in the bedroom and one in the living room. When we see one of them trying to play with the other, we remind them sister wants to play alone now. We redirect the 2yo when she insists on playing. You're teaching both of them how to get along. You'll be teaching about actions and how they make them feel and what they can do instead of fight. They'll still fight. That's what siblings do. You will be supporting both of them as they learn to name their feelings and deal with them.
When you're doing something with the 7yo, have a casual conversation letting him know you sympathize. "I wonder if you wish you were an only child like before." Perhaps have him tell you the ways being the only one was better. Talk about the ways it's nice to have a brother or sister. Just listen. Don't teach. Sympathize. He will calm down and eventually more understanding, when he doesn't have to defend himself; when he feels you are listening and care about him.
I suggest reading How to Talk So Kids Will Listen and How to Listen So Kids Will Talk by Adele Faber and ?. The authors help parents understand how kids feel and give us words to use.