ADDED after you made your addition at the top of your post:
You say you would get meds if your son had cancer.
You then say that he has an ADHD diagnosis but you felt the info about ADHD meds was shoved at you.
Then you added that he is in counseling and therapy.
Have you ever told the therapist that your son wants to harm himself? Is this therapist a specialist who works mostly or just with kids? Is this person a psychiatrist or a counselor who is not a psychiatrist?
If you read my post below you will see that I am not talking about ADHD meds. I am talking about psychiatric meds for whatever is making your son want to self-harm and whatever is making him lash out and be so frustrated. That isn't necessarily ADHD. But if you focus too much on keeping him off ADHD meds you may miss the point. He may have more than ADHD going on. He may be depressed (which can manifest itself in anger and self-harm) or have other psychiatric issues. But you will never know, and he will never get treatment, if a professional doesn't evaluate him for depression, anger issues, and other things beyond ADHD. I really hope you've told a professional that he talks about self-harm and may need further psychiatric evaluation and not just be labeled ADHD by doctors who only look for that.
My friend that I mention below -- She says her son likely would be a candidate for suicide if they hadn't gotten him a lot of help, very early, and been open to both meds and talk therapy.
Huge red flag:
He says he wants to hurt himself.
Mama, please, a thousand times please, get him to a pediatric psychiatrist for a detailed evaluation. Do it now, now, now.
I talked the other day with a friend whose child's life is being saved every single day by psychiatric medications. Truly. This child has tried self-harming and has expressed "I hate myself and don't really care about living" etc. but only when his meds need adjusting (like when puberty hit him like a ton of bricks). When his medications are working, which almost all the time now, he is vastly better. She truly credits both extensive psychiatric "talk therapy" and meds -- but especially meds -- with helping him control himself, learn to channel anger and frustration, and stop having harmful thoughts about himself. He also learns coping strategies and ways to redirect his negative thoughts from his psychologist, who counsels him, but it's the meds from the psychiatrist that make him well enough to take in what the counseling is teaching him.
The fact you say your son has said he wants to hurt himself is very serious -- do you see that? It's MUCH more serious than any day to day trouble he's in at school, serious though that trouble may be. Call his pediatrician tomorrow and find a psychiatrist who can evaluate your son and start some real treatment. I say psychiatrist and not psychologist or counselor because only a psychiatrist can prescribe meds. You need to make this first call immediately because it can take many weeks even to get that first visit with a psychiatrist. Get going now.
Meds are not the end-all and be-all of mental health treatment but you do need to start with SOME kind of serious psychiatric evaluation even if your son does not end up on meds. I'm kind of amazed that you buried the information that he wants to harm himself -- please see that for the huge, waving red flag that it really is!